The deadline engine
The deadline is the whole game. Here is exactly how we compute it — and who checked our work.
Most debt lawsuits are lost by missing one date. Answered’s deadline engine computes your estimated Answer deadline from the state, service date, and court track on your papers, then rolls weekends and recognized court holidays under each state’s own computation rule. This page publishes the engine’s provenance: the statutory basis per state, the dated court-closure calendars it models, the design standard, and the attorney review behind it. Every date the engine produces is an estimate — your summons, docket, clerk instructions, and court rules control, and you should verify with the clerk before relying on any computed date.
The design standard: the harm asymmetry
Deadline software can err safely or dangerously. Missing a real closure shows a date on or before the true deadline — you file early, harmlessly. Wrongly including an open court day rolls the displayed deadline past a day you could actually file — later than the true deadline, the direction that can cause a default. The engine is therefore deliberately under-inclusive: a holiday counts only when the state’s deadline-computation statute or court rule supports it. County-optional, partial-staffing, and governor-discretionary days are excluded even where many courthouses close — and each state’s exclusions are documented in its review record.
Who reviewed it
All 32 supported states’ holiday handling is attorney reviewed. Twenty-five state profiles were verified against their statutes and official judiciary calendars and approved by R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group) on July 13, 2026, who also re-examined the Texas table — one over-inclusion was found and removed the same day — and confirmed the six remaining pre-existing tables. Pennsylvania was additionally reviewed by W. Burrows, Esq. in April 2026. Engine rule version: 2026-06-30.1.deadline-estimate.2
Honesty requires a calendar, not just a snapshot. Four items are re-verified on a schedule because their states change them: Utah’s 2027 Good Friday legislation, Kentucky’s and North Carolina’s administratively-set year-end closure blocks (each December), Louisiana’s proclamation-dependent Juneteenth (each spring), and Oklahoma’s executive-order Christmas companion day (each fall).
State by state
Each entry shows the statutory basis the engine models and the court closures it recognizes for 2026 (observed dates included; weekend-falling holidays roll as weekends regardless). Days a state deliberately excludes — and why — are in that state’s review record.
AlabamaAla. Code § 1-3-8 (subsection (e): all state offices close)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (14): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, Apr 27; Mon, May 25; Mon, Jun 1; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
ArizonaA.R.S. § 1-301
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (10): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
ColoradoC.R.S. § 24-11-101
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (12): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 5; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
ConnecticutC.G.S. § 1-4
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (14): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Thu, Feb 12; Mon, Feb 16; Fri, Apr 3; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
GeorgiaO.C.G.A. § 1-4-1 (governor designates 13 state closures annually)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (9): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
Illinois5 ILCS 490 (per-holiday designations) + 5 ILCS 70/1.11 computation
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (13): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Thu, Feb 12; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Fri, Dec 25
IndianaIC 1-1-9-1 + Ind. TR 6(A) (also rolls clerk-closed days)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (15): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Thu, Feb 12; Mon, Feb 16; Fri, Apr 3; Tue, May 5; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Tue, Nov 3; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
IowaIowa Code § 4.1(34) (deadline computation, quoted) + § 1C.1/1C.2
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (12): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Thu, Feb 12; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Fri, Dec 25
KentuckyKCOJ annual Holiday Calendar (unified statewide court system) + KRS 446.030(1)(a) computation
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (13): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Thu, Dec 24; Fri, Dec 25; Thu, Dec 31
LouisianaLa. R.S. 1:55(E) (mandatory clerk closures) via (E)(1)(b)→(B)(1)(a) for MLK/Mardi Gras/Election Day (La. Sup. Ct. District Court Rules Appendix 2.0 confirms)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (17): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Tue, Feb 17; Fri, Apr 3; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Sun, Nov 1; Tue, Nov 3; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Thu, Dec 24; Fri, Dec 25; Thu, Dec 31
MarylandMd. SPP § 9-201 (the Judiciary closure list) as published at mdcourts.gov/administration/holidays (2026)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (14): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Tue, Nov 3; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Fri, Dec 25
MassachusettsM.G.L. c. 4, § 7, cl. Eighteenth
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (12): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, Apr 20; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
MichiganMCR 8.110(D)(2) (court-rule holiday list, quoted verbatim) + MCR 1.108(1) computation (also rolls court-order closures the engine cannot detect)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (14): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Thu, Dec 24; Fri, Dec 25; Thu, Dec 31
MissouriRSMo 9.010 + Mo. Sup. Ct. R. 44.01 computation
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (13): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Thu, Feb 12; Mon, Feb 16; Fri, May 8; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
NevadaNRS 236.015 (subsection 3 mandates closure of all courts statewide)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (13): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Fri, Oct 30; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Fri, Dec 25
New JerseyN.J.S.A. 36:1-1
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (14): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Fri, Apr 3; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Tue, Nov 3; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
North CarolinaG.S. 126-4(5) schedule as adopted by the Judicial Branch (nccourts.gov/holiday-schedule, 2026-2027)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (11): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Fri, Apr 3; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Fri, Dec 25
OhioOhio R.C. 1.14 (deadline legal holidays) + Civ.R. 6(A)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (11): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
Oklahoma25 O.S. § 82.1 (text on OSCN, the judiciary's own system)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (11): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Fri, Dec 25
OregonORS 187.010
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (11): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
South CarolinaS.C. Code § 53-5-10 + § 53-5-30
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (15): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Sun, May 10; Mon, May 11; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Thu, Dec 24; Fri, Dec 25; Sat, Dec 26
TennesseeT.C.A. § 15-1-101 + Tenn. R. Civ. P. 6.01
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (12): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Fri, Apr 3; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
UtahUtah Code § 63G-1-301
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (13): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Mon, Jun 15; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Fri, Jul 24; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Dec 25
VirginiaVa. Code § 2.2-3300
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (14): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Tue, Nov 3; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Fri, Dec 25
WashingtonRCW 1.16.050 + RCW 2.28.100 (courts closed on legal holidays)
Attorney reviewed — R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group), July 13, 2026
2026 recognized closures (12): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Fri, Jul 3; Sat, Jul 4; Mon, Sep 7; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Fri, Dec 25
TexasTex. Gov’t Code § 662.003; Tex. R. Civ. P. 4
Internal legal QA April 2026; re-examined and approved with one correction — R. Langford, Esq., July 13, 2026 (a non-holiday in-lieu day was removed under the harm-asymmetry standard).
2026 recognized closures (17): Thu, Jan 1; Mon, Jan 19; Mon, Feb 16; Mon, Mar 2; Tue, Apr 21; Mon, May 25; Fri, Jun 19; Sat, Jul 4; Thu, Aug 27; Mon, Sep 7; Mon, Oct 12; Wed, Nov 11; Thu, Nov 26; Fri, Nov 27; Thu, Dec 24; Fri, Dec 25; Sat, Dec 26
CaliforniaCal. Code Civ. Proc. §§ 12–12a; judicial holidays per Code Civ. Proc. § 135 and Gov. Code § 6700
Confirmed consistent — R. Langford, Esq., July 13, 2026
FloridaFla. Stat. § 110.117
Confirmed consistent — R. Langford, Esq., July 13, 2026
MinnesotaMinn. Stat. § 645.44 subd. 5
Confirmed consistent — R. Langford, Esq., July 13, 2026
New YorkN.Y. Gen. Constr. Law §§ 24, 25-a
Confirmed consistent — R. Langford, Esq., July 13, 2026
Pennsylvania44 Pa.C.S. § 7101; Pa.R.C.P. 106
Reviewed — W. Burrows, Esq. (April 2026); confirmed consistent — R. Langford, Esq., July 13, 2026
WisconsinWis. Stat. § 995.20
Attorney reviewed (April 2026); confirmed consistent — R. Langford, Esq., July 13, 2026
Common questions
Why does Answered call every deadline an estimate?
Because your summons, the court docket, clerk instructions, local rules, and emergency closures control the real date — software cannot see all of them. The engine computes the statutory deadline from the state, service date, and court track you enter, rolls weekends and recognized court holidays, and then tells you to verify with your papers or the clerk. That last step is not fine print; it is part of the design.
Who reviewed the court-holiday calendars?
Every supported state’s holiday handling has been attorney reviewed. Twenty-five state profiles were verified against their statutes and official judiciary schedules and approved by R. Langford, Esq. (Langford Consumer Law Group) on July 13, 2026, who also re-examined the Texas table (one correction applied the same day) and confirmed the six remaining pre-existing tables. Pennsylvania’s table was additionally reviewed by W. Burrows, Esq. in April 2026. Review records are kept per state.
What is the "harm asymmetry" standard?
Deadline software can err in two directions. Missing a real court closure shows you a date on or before the true deadline — you file early, which is harmless. Wrongly treating an open court day as a holiday rolls the displayed deadline past a day you could actually file — later than the true deadline, which can cause a default. The engine is therefore deliberately under-inclusive: a day counts only when the state’s own deadline-computation rule supports it. County-optional days, partial-staffing days, and governor-discretionary days are excluded even where many courthouses close.
What can the engine NOT detect?
Local and ad hoc closures: county-specific holidays, weather or emergency closures, and clerk’s offices that close early. Several states’ rules extend deadlines when the clerk’s office is actually closed — protection the engine cannot compute in advance. That is why every computed date carries the instruction to confirm with your summons, docket, or clerk.
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Check my deadline freeAnswered is self-help software operated by ellaSiD LLC. It is not a law firm, does not provide legal advice, and no outcome is guaranteed. Every computed deadline is an estimate: the summons, docket, clerk instructions, local rules, and court orders control. If you can afford a lawyer, hire one.